At least 50% of patients with Graves' disease, an autoimmune disease that primarily attacks the thyroid gland, develop eye problems including inflammation, discomfort, scarring, and bulging eyes. Abnormal over-production and activation of collagen-producing myofibroblasts underlie many of these conditions. A new study published in The American Journal of Pathology found that activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway by its ligands blocks collagen production and myofibroblast proliferation in TED.